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营造商业空间美学的四要素 ——
文化、体验、亲和、融合
杨砚, 森摩建筑CEO

商业是城市中最活跃的经济元素，亦是城市形成和发属的推动力之一。近年来随着网络和电商的兴起，人们的购物方式逐渐发生了转变，更加多样化和多维性。在场景方面，除了线上购物的便捷体验，线下实体更能为消费者带来集购物、餐饮、休闲、娱乐为一体的 “体验式商业”。因此，越来越多的商业购物中心也将更多的精力放在了对商业空间的设计与氛围营造。在商业空间设计方面，购物中心该如何结合消费者的消费心理打造不同氛围的体验空间？如何从空间分类构成上去开展设计？如何用设计与美学语言营造出符合消费者的心理的氛围空间？

4月21日，乐居北京《云端会客厅》联合中国房地产业协会商业文化旅游地产委员会开启“商业创新家”系列主题对话，特邀森摩建筑CEO兼总建筑师杨砚等行业领袖共同探讨商业空间的设计与美学营造，商场氛围打造与消费文化的运营之道。

以下为杨砚先生的线上分享实录：

中国的商业地产购物中心发展到现在这个时刻，能够有这样的一个交流活动，我相信是整个行业，从开发商到零售娱乐商家和商业建筑设计师，都很关切的一个话题点。

商业建筑是建筑的一个专类，它有传承、有历史，具有很大一部分文化的功能。作为建筑师谈论商业空间美学，要理解建筑美学，理解时尚美学和现代场景的创造、舞台装饰的美学，要了解各个年龄阶段的人群，要捕捉大众和潮流审美倾向特别是年轻人对潮流的深度需求，这些都会结合到我们所要探索的商业空间的美学范畴里面。

美是最能够打动人的心灵的一种感知，它使人们把自己的希望和想象也渗透进来，从内心出发得到喜悦和满足。这个认知和商业空间美学的探索氛围营造，其实是非常有关系的。接下来我用一些我们森摩建筑设计的例子来进行诠释，分成商业建筑的外部空间和商业建筑的室内空间这两个方面，谈一谈我们怎么样去理解商业空间的设计，特别是空间美感的营造。

第一个方面，我讲一讲商业空间外部环境的美感和塑造。

我们特别注重从文化的角度出发让商业空间具有意义有特定的美，如何传承文化，用丰富的建筑遗产和城市空间，打造很有美感的、体验性很强的商业购物场所，是挑战。

珠江地产在上海的安康苑城市综合体是我们正在设计的项目，有挺大范围的上海石库门建筑群，我们要把历史风貌保护、老建筑改造，融入到商业场景当中去。

从美学的角度来讲，美是真实的，美也是生活实际的体验。在整个商业空间环境的塑造过程中，要做到能够让人们有融入的感觉，亲身体验的感觉，而不是仅仅我们人为地创造一些表面的东西。很多地方具有强烈的地域性文化特征，不一定体现在建筑符号上，而是一种生活习性和行为活动的延续，在外部环境的塑造上，成为商业项目和外部空间美的创造来源。

重庆华宇城是一个大型的城市综合体，有购物中心，室外步行街，有200米高的塔楼、高端酒店和多栋公寓的组合，有地铁的相连，它融合了很多的设计元素。建筑外立面的设计简洁，采用线条塑造比较强的流线感，但核心的户外空间要让山城的人们在这个地形和标高多变的环境里得到崇尚户外休闲的真实的生活体验，我们从室内室外环境的融合角度，从地下一层地铁相连接的商业空间开始，走入室内也自然地到达室外，营造舒适愉悦的层层递进的场景，我们称之为“花语巷”，非常符合重庆的地域文化，关注了人们的生活体验。

当今时代，我们面临新的消费群体，90后00后客群的诉求。我们开始设计的上海国际新文创电竞中心是一个非常有意思走在时代前沿的项目。核心是一个可以容纳三千多人参与观看电竞比赛和活动的电竞馆，还有购物中心、酒店、办公。这个项目我们塑造围合的外部空间的效果，打造一个核心的下沉广场，融合和参与成为了它的主题，给人既有视觉美感，有亲历其境的体验，又有一种呈现高科技的美感。很大的玻璃顶，包括高科技的屏幕和周围的餐饮，不管是举行电竞比赛，还是举办音乐会等活动，都可以在室外通过这样的屏幕领受参与，得到良好的体验。

再举一个例子，上海另一个项目，也是一个高度融合的居住、办公、商业的综合开发，它具有大量办公楼聚集的园区特征，对于大量的建筑外部空间，我们让设计语言简洁干练的办公建筑和丰富的商业空间紧密联系在一起，把室内外贯通的购物和休闲环境融入在一起，满足人们不同体验和消费需求。在多处空间打造尺度宜人让人驻足，包括其中一个为社区家庭和儿童打造的角落，给他们提供康体娱乐的设施，融入到空间的环境里面，使它变成一个很精彩、参与度很高、老少咸宜的有亲和力的室外商业空间环境。

第二个方面，我必须还要谈一谈关于室内商业空间的美学。

商业购物中心有明确的经济收益需求，要照顾好商家、照顾好各种各样的消费人群。目前，主流型大型的购物中心有它们不可替代的市场和需求，它得具有非常强调高端时尚的感觉。因而，我们在做高端购物中心室内设计的时候，很关注把时尚美带入到空间的塑造里面去。我们需要非常简洁、典雅、大气，而且是精致的空间环境，使得时尚和建筑空间能够完美地结合在一起。

武汉武商梦时代广场，总体量有50万平方米，其中购物中心体量达37万平方米，高端时尚的定位涉及很多奢侈品品牌，包括化妆品、包包等等，这种聚集度和空间需求打破了一般购物中心的设计模式。品牌的高度聚集，使得消费者尤其是年轻人能够身临其境，各种品牌触手可及，这样的时尚空间融入购物中心，将是一种趋势，使得品牌销售和顾客的体验、需求能够整个地融合在一起。

购物中心室内的空间塑造，要能够创造出视觉上的愉悦，达到商业功能上的满足。好用的东西也是美的东西，武商梦时代广场的主中庭天窗设计，除了采光功能我们让它焕发出一种震撼的空间美感。

当今购物中心的走向，为了能够得到新一代消费者的参与和青睐，都更加追求能够既有亲和力又有艺术感的空间，同时还得让商家的业态组合也能够做到最好。创造年轻人心中向往的、且给予他们美的触动的空间，同时又能够把商家所希望达到的销售业绩都实现，这样的空间融合，产生很强的亲和力，打动人心，是商业空间设计很重要的要点。这里一个很好的例子就是成都世茂广场购物中心中集亲子、社交、展陈、观赏与休闲功能于一体的西中庭的室内设计。

从商业空间营造的角度来讲，我们的设计注重艺术性的提炼，从空间塑造、商业内容，从连通各层购物具有视觉自由通透的感觉着手，营造能够让人停得下来、聚人做活动的场所，视觉的愉悦的产生不是很多东西堆在一起，而是要通过深思熟虑的设计提炼，更加从艺术化的角度来进行创作，给予美感。

空间美学是通过美的传递，愉悦舒适的环境也是传递友好和善良的媒介，美的高的境界就是善良，人们在这里感悟到美并对美的感受有提升，达到这样的作用，这也是我们做商业建筑设计、室内设计的一个使命。

最后一个案例，青岛世茂公园美地社区购物中心，室内设计体现一种强烈的亲和力，空间的色彩给人产生一种祥和的、友善的感受，而且引入自然绿色植物到休闲区。这样的社区购物中心营造的目的就是使得人们可以感觉掌握空间的真切，有视觉的享受，有行为的记忆，深切地感知到：这是我的空间、这是我家的一部分、这是我生活的一部分，美就是生活！

https://m.leju.com/news-bj-6658566781239866224.html

金茂福州览秀城 - 森摩建筑| 3MIX 担纲设计

谷雨时节，宣告暮春已至，即将迎来夏天。森摩建筑于新春过后获选担纲福州滨海新城览秀城商业办公综合体建筑设计设计顾问的消息，无疑为2020年这个不平凡的春天画上了完美的句号。

森摩建筑与金茂集团的合作始于2018年南京金茂河西鱼嘴项目，该项目为南京河西新区第一超高层建筑群，森摩建筑提供商业建筑顾问服务及裙房和地下室商业室内设计。2019年金茂集团再次选择森摩提供张家港览秀城室内设计咨询服务。而本次获选提供福州滨海新城览秀城项目建筑方案设计顾问，标志着森摩建筑与金茂集团的合作已进入更深领域。

福州览秀城项目是中国金茂在福州滨海新城CBD的重点商业项目，是福州滨海智慧新城的重要组成部分（详见中国金茂公众微信期刊：中国金茂城市运营再下一城，福州智慧新城正式落地 https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/AJI9WICI2w-XzgTcZkn2iQ ），由一座超过10万平米的购物中心和两栋超高层办公楼组成。森摩建筑将不负重托，秉持全方位结合新城TOD地下交通枢纽、商业与自然景观融为一体、充分挖掘地块价值、为消费者提供最丰富的商业空间体验、为城市创造国际级商业中心的设计理念和宗旨，与金茂集团通力合作、持续深化设计，全力打造这座与山海文化交融、集生活、购物、娱乐、休闲、商务于一体的福州滨海新城览秀城，形成新城核心区高品质地标。

...Sketch of the Day, Shanghai...

Never Let a Good Crisis go to Waste
(Repost from :
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/never-let-good-crisis-go-waste-ro-shroff/)

If history is of any measure, this too will pass, and everyone will go back to their bad habits (compulsive handwashing may linger a while longer) as the New Normal arrives. But can this once in a lifetime event fundamentally change our DNA and societal habits? Probably not much immediately, but there will be enough residual collateral that will have major repercussions on our social lives as well as the global economic structure. The important thing is that we all learn something from this crisis. It will be a shame if life goes back to its carefree pre-Pandemic indifference and this entire personal and economic devastation has little or no residual effect.
So, what can we learn, predict and anticipate from this debacle and as Thought Leaders of the Built Environment (Architects, Planners, Interior Designers, and Engineers), what can we do to evolve things for the better?
Here are some suggestions, reflections, futurist ramblings and prognostications related to Personal and Public Space with each topic followed by a subjective ranking from 1 to 10, 10 being the worst-case scenario or an absolute occurrence.

The Handshake may be a thing of the past

Sad! The firm handshake exuding warmth and confidence (Dude, you the man! indicative of raging machismo or Good to Reconnectindicative of Soft Power) may have seen its summit as well as nadir. There will no doubt be a reticence to engage in this societal nicety, as virus transmission fear will linger on for months, possibly years. So better get used to its absence. In the scheme of things, it's probably an insignificant loss, but it will be a shame if the substitute is a Wave of hands, a Namaste or the ridiculous Elbow Bump. Ah well! The price we pay for human connection and communication, but hey, we live in weird times.

Ranking: 7

Design and Economic Repercussions of Social Distancing

Will the 2m / 6’ apart “Social Distance” become a permanent norm or will it all evaporate once the Pandemic becomes a thing of the past? And if it continues and becomes the new normal, what repercussions will it have for Assembly type of venues (concerts, sports events, movie theaters, airplanes)? Will the airline industry have to rejig airplane seating and only sell every other seat (much like Business Class on any European Airline) and will movie theaters need to be redesigned to seat a maximum of 50 people instead of 100? The economic impact of this is going to be incalculable with the result that some venues like new Cineplexes and Sports Arenas will massively shrink in size as the majority of viewers resort to watching blockbusters and sports events in the comfort and safety of their own homes on their 60” QLEDs with personal Sensurround systems. “Go Big or Go Home” has a completely new meaning.
And another vestige of the previous era, the Shopping Mall, already going through an identity crisis, will redefine itself in new hybrid models infusing workplace and residential uses. Also, the fundamental DNA, size, and shape of such facilities will continue to evolve and morph into smaller venues and footprints. Fewer people go to these facilities today primarily to buy apparel or goods anyway, preferring e-commerce with next day delivery by Amazon or Alibaba. As it is, current and future designs are trending to go less on Fashion venues and more into the Experience-driven mode with mini arenas and climbing walls, basketball courts and fitness centers, showrooms and museums, urban farming and art workshops, expansive restaurants and the ubiquitous (although smaller) Cineplex. “Placemaking” initiatives, transit connectivity and inclusion of residential and hospitality components will continue to be absolute essentials.
The prognostication here is that, in time, all such facilities will eventually overlap, hybridize and blur into indecipherable nodes of activity and also shrink in size. It does not necessarily sound the death knell of the Urban Marketplace or Mall or Social Gathering Forums, just more targeted, compact, flexible and visceral urban environments, with a variety of uses but also with more surveillance and crowd control. All this also posits major conundrums for Developers and Designers if Social Distancing norms continue for a while. Economic repercussions of such change are potentially going to be enormous but also hard to predict. Assuredly smart minds will figure out ways of changing the dynamics and providing alternative avenues of profitability.

Ranking: 5

The Workplace will change radically

There will definitively be a paradigm shift in the planning and design of the office space as we know it. The Pandemic forced everyone from New York to Shanghai, and Mumbai to Sydney to work and communicate remotely, share virtual celebratory events and maintain the obligatory distancing. This extreme isolation may have a reversal of sorts in the short term where everyone is starved of social connectivity (as the human being is ultimately a social animal) and the pent-up demand may see a short resurgence of life as we knew it. But the longer-term proposition may portend other priorities. This could manifest by the contraction of required physical environments and smaller real-estate investments for many organizations as may be up to 30% of the workforce may work remotely, from home, the neighborhood Starbucks or Timbuktu at any given time. And within the typical space, endless lines of “benching” or Dilbert style workstations will become an artifact of the industrial age. Assigned space will constitute maybe only half the total amount of available desks, the remainder being “hot desks” in industry jargon. This phenomenon itself is not yet universally accepted as a panacea either and there have been several vocal detractors within the industry, citing issues of belonging, visual and acoustic privacy. Also, new models of the Co-working and Collaborative Workplace (the WeWork debacle notwithstanding) will become more economically viable to corporations that are reticent to invest major funds in the constantly evolving arenas of work habits and physical spaces.

The bottom line is that the traditional Office Space as we know it will change considerably, with new models of future office buildings morphing into smaller configurations with clusters of reduced sized floor plates connected by common vertical cores and interspersed by sky decks and gardens promoting a biophilic approach to design. The current universally accepted models of hermetically sealed 2,000 sm / 20,000 SF floor plates with central cores may become an antique notion while smarter climate-sensitive façade systems, better indoor air quality, sophisticated and ultra-fast connectivity aided by 5G and No-Touch and Disease Prevention strategies will become de rigueur in the design process.

Ranking: 6

Drones will rule

Six years ago, when Jeff Bezos touted Drone technologies for delivery on a 60 Minutes episode, it was regarded as an experiment in science-fiction. But with the exponential growth in the delivery business, during and post-pandemic, and the shortage of drivers and warehouse personnel, it is inevitable that drone technologies will fill in the void not only for deliveries but for logistics and automation, not to dismiss peripheral uses like aerial photography, fighting terrorism and wars. Much of it is already in existence today and the volume of such technology will get more visceral, universal and hopefully safer and cheaper.

Ranking: 7

Conclusions
A word of caution and maybe even comfort. All this is not going to happen overnight. Built Environment industry Futurists and Thought Leaders expect the change to be relatively gradual, yet inevitable. It takes almost five years from initiating an idea, validating it, designing it, evolving new technologies and the plodding construction process itself. The process will be measured, but the paradigm shift is an absolute given.
There is always the danger of over-reaction and mandatory edicts. Being social animals, the need to congregate, fly to exotic destinations for pleasure or business, and enjoy a movie or ball game together is not suddenly going to go away or vanish. There will be incremental changes over time and possibly well-deserved, albeit for different reasons. But it’s doubtful if there will be a sea change in attitude or business in the near future.
All of this will also have huge economic repercussions and the Real Estate sectors globally will have to do a lot of strategic soul-searching in terms of returns and competitive pricing, which may go up even as the amount of space consumed is less.

Prognostications, in a way, are easy to fabricate and have shock value (the new book After Shock, 50 years after Future Shock, is a must-read). No one saw the Coronavirus coming and it has been the proverbial Canary in the Coalmine, accelerating change and completely redefining aspects of life. Notwithstanding such Black Swans (metaphors that describe an event that comes as a surprise, has a major effect, and is often inappropriately rationalized after the fact, with the benefit of hindsight), life as we know it will go on as human beings are fundamentally resilient and malleable.
Change though is always Inevitable. The question, whether we embrace it and benefit by it remains to be seen.

Ranking: 10

（NOTE: The opinions expressed here are solely author's own)

...Sketch of the Day, Nanjing...

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